Chemical elements
  Ruthenium
    Isotopes
    Energy
    Production
    Application
    Physical Properties
    Chemical Properties
      Ruthenium Fluoride
      Ruthenium Dichloride
      Ruthenium Trichloride
      Ruthenochlorides
      Potassium Chlor-ruthenate
      Potassium Aquo-chlor-ruthenate
      Caesium Aquo-chlor-ruthenate
      Ruthenium Oxychlorides
      Potassium Bromruthenite
      Potassium Bromruthenate
      Potassium Aquobromruthenate
      Ruthenium Tri-iodide
      Ruthenium Sesquioxide
      Hydrated Ruthenium Sesquioxide
      Ruthenium Dioxide
      Ruthenium Tetroxide
      Ruthenium Sesquisulphide
      Ruthenium Disulphide
      Ruthenium Trisulphide
      Ruthenium Sesquisulphite
      Ruthenium Dithionate
      Ruthenium Sulphate
      Ruthenium Nitrosotrihydroxide
      Potassium Nitrosochloivifuthenate
      Ammonium Nitrosochlor-ruthenate
      Rubidium Nitrosochlor-ruthenate
      Potassium Ruthenium Nitrite
      Sodium Ruthenium Nitrite
      Ruthenium Dicarbonyl
      Potassium Ruthenocyanide
      Barium Ruthenocyanide
      Strontium Ruthenocyanide
      Ruthenium Silicide
    PDB 1bex-4e7y

Chemical Properties of Ruthenium






Chemical Properties of Ruthenium are mainly related with its metallic properties. When heated in air ruthenium becomes covered with a brown film of oxide and, on cooling, "spits" in a similar manner to iridium and silver. Heated in oxygen, particularly when in a fine state of division, it yields the dioxide, RuO2, and at 600° C. some tetroxide, RuO4, begins to be formed. Previous ignition in hydrogen to a high temperature reduces the velocity of oxidation of ruthenium. Mineral acids have no action upon ruthenium, and aqua regia only slowly dissolves it.

When heated in fluorine a volatile fluoride is formed, and in chlorine a chloride is obtained, possibly the dichloride, RuCl2. Ignition with potassium chloride in a current of chlorine yields potassium chlor- ruthenate, which is soluble in water.

Alkali hypochlorites effect the solution of ruthenium when fused, but the best mixture to employ consists of potassium hydroxide and nitrate, a green mass of potassium ruthenate, K2RuO4, being formed. This dissolves in water to an orange-coloured solution, which leaves a black stain upon the skin.

Fusion with potassium hydrogen sulphate is without effect upon ruthenium, although in like circumstances rhodium, palladium, and iridium are attacked.
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